I am working on a project where I need to rank states based on multiple factors, each factor has different value types, an example would be in the image.

How it is possible to rank the states with overall rank in two situations:

First, if I want to treat all variables equally

Second, if I want to treat the variables un-equally, example giving weight for variable.

I am not asking for a specific function or program, I would like to understand the science behind the ranking. Thank you all.

Nothing, I am trying to understanding the science behind it.

I am working on a project where I need to rank states based on multiple factors, each factor has different value types, an example would be in the image.

How it is possible to rank the states with overall rank in two situations:

First, if I want to treat all variables equally

Second, if I want to treat the variables un-equally, example giving weight for variable.

I am not asking for a specific function or program, I would like to understand the science behind the ranking. Thank you all.

Nothing, I am trying to understanding the science behind it.