Is there any way to change the style of part of an axis title while keep the rest part unchanged? In my case, How could I italicize
“bacteria X” in the y-axis title? To my knowledge, the command theme(axis.title.y=element_text(face="italic")) can only change the whole y-aixs title, is it?

I have the following scatterplot in ggplot:

The following code makes a panel with eight plots in a specific layout. It does everything I want except that axis scales are not consistent across all plots. I need the distance between zero and one on the X axis to be the same in all plots. I have failed to find a solution to this. Any suggestions are welcome (not necessarily using only the packages I’m using below).

I’m using ggplot2 in R to create a set of plots, which I then arrange into a single composite figure using grid.arrange from the gridExtra package. Although I managed to position the plots closely together, the barplots in the top-left and bottom-right positions show an unwanted extra segment at the bottom of their y-axes. I need help removing these segments.

I need to display the labels of the x-axis both above and below my ggplot, aligned with the corresponding data points. I have already created a ggplot with the necessary data and aesthetics, but I am struggling to duplicated the x-axis because it is a categorical variable.